Activated Carbon

Have you ever thought about why activated carbon is widely used for air purification?

No! Right? Before knowing much about the activation process, it is significant to derive the essence of activated carbon.

What is activated carbon?

Activated carbon is widely installed and used as an adsorbent derived from carbonaceous raw material for the removal of natural organic compounds, taste and odor compounds, and synthetic organic chemicals and for purifying air and water.
And it is of no great news, that it has become a popular choice among all due to its multiple offerings like good adsorption capacity, active free valances, high surface area, porous structure, surface reactivity, inertness, and thermal stability.

Why activated carbon is widely used for air purification?

The simple answer is 1gm of activated carbon has a surface area of up to 3,000 sq meters only to capture the odorous air molecules, which is equal to the area of a football stadium. Confused?
Activated carbon contains carbonaceous material derived from charcoal and is produced by pyrolysis of organic materials of plant origin. These materials include coal, coconut shells, and wood.
So, when charcoal is treated with oxygen, it will open millions of tiny pores between carbon atoms. These are called activated or active carbon. Therefore, with their increased adsorption capability they are widely used not only for the purification of air but of water as well.

What is activation process in activated carbon?

Activation is a process in which carbon is made porous to the extent that 75% of its volume is filled with empty space. The destiny of carbon thus gets reduced to 500kg/m3 from 2.5kg/m3, which is achieved by administering steam to red hot charcoal. Other similar molecules can also be used for the process.

Activation is done with chemicals also, but the extent of porosity generated by steam is much higher in comparison to chemical activation. This is the reason why activated carbon is used as an adsorbent as no other material can develop so much empty space by such a simple process.

What are the different sources of activated carbon?

Activated carbon is available in three grades depending upon the pore diameter, namely;

Coconut
Coal
Wood

Why is coconut activated carbon preferred for air & odour purification?

Coconut carbon is made from coconut shells by the activation process. Coconut has micropores which means that the pore diameter of coconut activated carbon is less than 2 nm. On the other hand, coal has mesopores, having a pore diameter in the range of 2-50 nm and finally, wood carbon has a pore diameter of more than 50 nm. These three carbons have different applications.

Since the pore diameter of coconut carbon comes in this range, coconut-based activated carbon will be the best one to capture these molecules and hold them firmly without allowing them to escape.

The next high boiling molecules will have higher dimensions so that they will come in the most range. These molecules are mostly low-boiling liquids. The pore diameter of coal carbon mostly falls in this range. So, coal-based activated carbon is used to absorb vapors of low molecular liquids and it is widely used for water purification. Finally, wood carbon having macro size pores are suitable for adsorbing bigger or longer molecules. Usually, dyes fall in this region. So, wood-based activated carbon finds the best application in decolorizing a variety of liquids

Thus, coconut activated carbon is the best material for air purification & odour control. For all practical purposes, it is better to use activated coconut carbon as the filter for air depending upon the contaminants. For increasing its capacity of adsorption, chemicals are impregnated in the carbon, as carbon is inert to these chemicals, unlike other common base materials.

At Aqoza, there are some suggestions to put an end to those offensive smells. You can check out the products for better & greener tech- odour control solutions .

You may please explore here to know all the Green Tech-solutions available and can also connect to Aqoza subject matter Experts for future assistance.

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